Ib Cemistry Note

CHEMISTRY HL IB NOTES


Quantitative Chemistry
Atomic Structure
Bonding
Periodicity
Kinetics
Ener irritateics



Chemical Equilibrium
Electrochemistry
Acids & Bases
perfect Chemistry
Modern Analytical Chemistry
Environmental Chemistry

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QUANTITATIVE CHEM
Concept of Mole
1 mole: the amount of substance that contains the same(p) number of particles as the number of atoms in 12g of 12C.
Avogadro Constant: The amount of particles in 1 mole of any substance.

1 mole ≡ 6.02 × 1023 particles
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Isotopes
Isotopes: Atoms that have the same number of proton but different number of neutrons.
Isotopes have like chemical properties but different physical properties.

Ar =
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Avogadros Law
1 mole of gas would fill up:
22.4 dm3 at STP (273K and 1atm)
24.0 dm3 at room condition (298K and 1atm)
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Dilution
MiVi = MfVf
Titration
Standard event: A solution with known concentration.
Primary Standard effect: A reliable, readily quantified substance.

Characteristics of Primary Standard Solution:
 heights purity.
Low reactivity.
High solubility.
High equivalent weight.




Examples:
-Benzoic acid.
-KBrO3
-Na2CO3
-NaCl


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molecular Formula & Empirical Formula
Empirical Formula: The formula of a chemical compound in its lowest integral ratio.
molecular Formula: The actual formula of a chemical compound.

atomic STRUCTURE
Subatomic Particles:
Proton, p
-Positively charged
-Forms nucleus with neutron.
-Have almost akin mass with neutron.
Neutron, n
-Neutral.
Electron, e
-Negatively charged.
-Occupy the shells around the nucleus.
-Have peanut mass.
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a = Mass number = Protons + Neutrons
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