Native Californians Under Spanish Colonial And Mexican Rule

indwelling Californians under Spanish Colonial and Mexican rule

Native Californians represented the lowest possible class of people in Spanish feudal society. The Spanish attitude toward Native Californians was to chance upon them as human beings living in a harmonical relationship with their environment, rather like animals. Father Luis Jayme thought the indigenous people also viewed themselves as animals. The Spanish viewed them as alone uncivilized and saw themselves as bringing civilization to these people. They entangle the Native Californians were pagans who were desperately in pauperism of conversion to Christianity for the buyback of their souls. This conversion was a high priority and was accomplished finished baptism, instruction in Catholic rituals, moral education, inclusion into the rush community, and enforcement of strict discipline.
The Indians were worked hard and paid little. The missions were dependent on indigen labor to construct buildings, tend the crops, care for the animals and produce goods. The Spanish saw the native neophytes as little much than slaves, who represent nothing to acquire and nothing to maintain.
After Mexicos freedom from Spain, Mexico ordered all the missions to be closed. Half of the mission estate of the realm was to be divided among the mission Indians.



Instead, the majority of the missions were given to Californios and Mexican citizens through large land grants. Many of the landowners established oxen ranches, called ranchos. After the missions closed, may of the native people had difficulty surviving. They had befit dependent on the missions for food, clothing and shelter.
With the introduction of ranchos came a need for a large labor force. Much like the missions, ranchers apply natives to meet this need. By forcing the natives to work on the ranches, the landowners could steal more land from the local natives.

Native Californians and Mexicans during the Gold Rush
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